On the swimming strategies to escape a rip current: a mathematical approach

Abstract Rip currents represent significant hazards to swimmers all around the world. The danger arises when a misinformed swimmer uses an inadequate strategy escape rip, such as fighting current directly. This can lead fatigue, panic, and in some cases drowning. There exists range of strategies put forward by experts (both lifeguards scientists) rip currents. However, these recommendations are based on limited number scientific studies there is still much discrepancy surrounding best rip. Thus, here we present simple, physics-based theoretical model aimed at assessing different terms their associated ‘energetic cost’ (in work power) for any given swimmer’s proficiency level. Many combinations rips considered, including both idealised realistic current. Our quantitative results back common knowledge that swimming against (which strongly discouraged lifeguards) almost universally worst possible strategy, especially compared favoured experts, floating with before attempting swim shore. For our suggest directly require several times more power from than other advised lifeguards, thus lending further support experts’ recommendations. study may help promote education dangers posed how address them.